Earwax, also known as cerumen, is a mixture of oil and dust that is naturally found in the ear canals and serves as a defense mechanism for the body. This substance protects the inner ear from external factors while reducing the risk of infections. Earwax is produced by sebaceous glands in the skin and helps the ears clean themselves under normal conditions. However, in some cases, earwax can accumulate excessively and lead to various issues.

What is Earwax?

Earwax, also known as cerumen, is a mixture of oil and dust that is naturally found in the ear canals and serves as a defense mechanism for the body. This substance protects the inner ear from external factors while reducing the risk of infections. Earwax is produced by sebaceous glands in the skin and helps the ears clean themselves under normal conditions. However, in some cases, earwax can accumulate excessively and lead to various issues.

Why Does Earwax Accumulate?

There are various reasons for earwax accumulation:

Physiological Differences: The production of earwax varies among individuals. Some people may genetically produce more earwax, while others produce less.
Environmental Factors: Environmental elements such as dust, smoke, or polluted air can increase earwax accumulation. This situation is often seen in people working or living in dusty environments.
Ear Cleaning Habits: Using tools like cotton swabs can push earwax deeper instead of removing it, leading to accumulation. People often have the habit of using swabs to clean their ears, but this can cause wax to become trapped deeper in the ear canal.
Skin Type: Individuals with dry skin types generally produce less earwax, whereas those with oily skin types may experience more earwax accumulation.
Age: Changes in earwax production can occur as one ages. In older individuals, earwax may harden and become more difficult to clean.

Methods for Cleaning Earwax

There are many methods for cleaning earwax, each with its unique advantages and considerations.

Home Cleaning Methods

Washing with Warm Water: You can drop a small amount of warm water into your ear canal using a dropper or spray. Warm water can soften the earwax. After a few minutes, tilt your head to the side to let the water and wax drain out. This process can help the ears clean themselves naturally.
Using Olive Oil or Almond Oil: Olive oil or almond oil can soften earwax. You can drop a few drops of these oils into your ear canal and, after 5-10 minutes, tilt your head to let the oil and wax drain out.
Hydrogen Peroxide: Low concentration (usually 3%) hydrogen peroxide can be used for earwax cleaning. You can drop a few drops into your ear canal and, after a few minutes, tilt your head to drain it. However, consult a professional before using this method.

Using Cotton Swabs

Cotton swabs can be used to clean the outer ear but should be used with caution. They should not be inserted into the ear canal, as this can push earwax deeper and lead to irritation or injury. It is sufficient to clean only the outer part of the ear with a cotton swab.

Ear Cleaning Kits

Ear cleaning kits available at pharmacies are designed to safely clean the ear canal. These kits typically contain special liquids and application tools. You can drop the liquid from the kit into your ear canal and perform the washing process. However, care should be taken during this process, and the instructions for using the kit should be followed.

Professional Cleaning

If earwax is seriously accumulated or causes issues like ear pain or hearing loss, consulting a specialist is the best approach. Ear, nose, and throat doctors can perform professional cleaning using special tools. This procedure is very effective for maintaining ear health and preventing discomfort.

Things to Be Careful About

Don't Neglect the Ear Canal: Earwax should not be completely removed. A certain amount of earwax helps maintain ear health. Completely cleaning it can disrupt the natural protective mechanism of the ears.
Avoid Excessive Cleaning: Over-cleaning the ears can lead to irritation and infection in the ear canal. It is important to perform cleaning methods carefully and moderately.
Pay Attention to Symptoms: If you experience ear pain, discharge, or hearing loss, consult a specialist instead of attempting to clean it yourself. These symptoms may indicate ear inflammation or another health issue.
Ear Hygiene: Paying attention to ear hygiene can help reduce earwax accumulation. Particularly when swimming or bathing, care should be taken to prevent water from entering the ears, and the ears should be thoroughly dried.

Earwax is a natural part of the body, and having a certain amount is healthy. However, in cases of excessive accumulation, it can be cleaned using the methods mentioned above. It is essential to use appropriate cleaning methods to maintain ear health and consult a professional when symptoms arise. Proper care is required for the ears to function healthily.